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Saturday, May 31, 2025

Who could be the next face of DOGE?

 A few names are coming into view as people who could lead the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE), which all signs suggest will have a big influence even with Elon Musk’s departure from his official government work. 

The White House insists no single person will lead DOGE and that every Cabinet secretary and host of other officials will continue Musk’s work. 

A few individuals stand out, however. 

Office of Management and Budget Director Russ Vought is where “all the attention is turning toward,” said Jordan Wood, a former communications aide in Trump’s first term.

“Elon was the necessary disruptor—he bulldozed his way in and got everyone’s attention. But Russ is the operator. He understands how government really works better than just about anyone in the administration. He’s methodical and knows exactly which levers to pull from the inside,” Wood said.

A source close to Trump World also pointed to Vought as the one person who would be at the helm, but noted that DOGE under Musk was not always politically popular.

“DOGE served its purpose – but like much with Trump world, rapid fire approach can sometimes miss the political mark,” the source said.

Musk joined President Trump in the Oval Office for a press conference on Friday to mark his final day as a special government employee, which has a 130 day limit.

“This is not the end of DOGE, but really the beginning,” Musk said, adding that he is confident the team will be able to find $1 trillion in savings.

“I’ll continue to be visiting here and be a friend and adviser to the president,” he added.

Trump also suggested that Musk will continue to be a major figure in his administration, telling reporters, “Elon’s really not leaving – he’s going to be back and forth.”

Musk began Trump’s second term with big plans to cut up to $2 trillion from the federal budget and as of Friday, DOGE estimates that it has saved $175 billion overall due to its cuts. That came with the firings of thousands of federal employees across multiple agencies, big and small. 

Meanwhile, Vought had previously advocated for slashing federal spending and putting federal bureaucrats “in trauma” prior to his appointment at OMB. Vought His agency was also at the center of a controversial memo in January that had called for agencies to freeze funding to ensure it aligned with the administration’s priorities.

A new memo this week from the Office of Personnel Management (OPM) that directed agencies to not hire individuals based on their race, sex or religion, directs heads of departments to send reports to OPM and OMB by the end of June. Vought, at the helm of OMB, would receive those reports on recruitment and eliminating such practices the administration deems discriminatory.

White House deputy chief of staff Stephen Miller has also been floated as someone who can take over the work of DOGE.

While one Trump ally pointed to Vought as the likeliest individual to spearhead DOGE’s efforts in Musk’s absence, the source noted Miller would likely seek to keep the federal bureaucracy in check.

Miller, for his part, is a longtime Washington, D.C. figure who worked as a GOP Senate staffer and is well-acquainted with the ins and outs of the federal government. He replied to Musk’s post  on X about his time as a special government employee coming to an end to highlight the work.

“The work DOGE has done to eliminate government waste and corruption — the rot embedded deep within Washington — is among the most valuable services ever rendered to government. And the work has only just begun,” Miller said.

Miller’s wife, Katie Miller, was an adviser and spokesperson for Musk at DOGE and was among the few top officials who exited with the Tesla CEO. She is going to work for Musk full-time in the private sector, a source familiar told The Hill, confirming reporting from CNN. 

Ultimately, though, the Trump ally argued there was unlikely to be a single new face of DOGE. 

Musk’s style and omnipresence would be difficult to replicate, the ally said, and a single leader is likely unnecessary at this point with major cuts to government staffing in particular already implemented.

“As I understand it, Russ would oversee it in more of a team effort way, versus one person being the face,” the Trump ally said.

That’s in line with what press secretary Karoline Leavitt told reporters Thursday in terms of who the next face of DOGE would be. She said that Trump’s entire Cabinet would be tasked with rooting out what they see as waste and fraud.

“The entire Cabinet understands the need to cut government waste, fraud and abuse and each Cabinet secretary at their respective agencies is committed, that’s why they were working hand in hand with Elon Musk and they’ll continue to work with the respective DOGE employees who have onboarded as political appointees at all of the agencies,” she said.

During their work to overhaul the federal workforce, DOGE staff members went into various agencies and some stayed working in those agencies and are embedded in them now. While many Cabinet officials embraced the work of DOGE, there was some pushback from the likes of FBI director Kash Patel who told his staff in February to hold off on replying to outreach from Musk.

Wood argued that embedded DOGE workers could make more of an impact overhauling the government. 

“This shift from high-profile disruption to quiet execution could actually make the cuts more effective—and a lot harder to reverse,” Wood said.

To be sure, Musk is a unique figure to replace. He is the richest man in the world who sometimes espouses wild conspiracy theories, has sparked controversy over his alleged drug use, and with him also comes big-ticket checks for high-dollar political fundraising. 

The Tesla CEO has compared himself to the Buddha to argue that his efforts to slash the federal budget and workforce will carry on even after he leaves the White House.

“Is Buddha needed for Buddhism?” Musk quipped in a briefing to a small group of reporters last month, when asked who will fill his avoid.

He called DOGE “a way of life” and said converts have been made inside of the administration.

https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/5326532-elon-musk-doge-next-leader/

Sabbath gasbags, June 1

 NewsNation’s “The Hill Sunday:” Sen. Roger Marshall (R-Kan.); Rep. Haley Stevens (D-Mich.) and Lt. Gov. Winsome Earle-Sears (R-Va.)

ABC’s “This Week:” National Economic Council Director Kevin Hassett; World Food Program Executive Director Cindy McCain

CNN’s “State of the Union:” Sen. Chris Murphy (D-Conn.); Reps. Hakeem Jeffries (D-N.Y.); Debbie Dingell (D-Mich.); Office of Management and Budget Director Russell Vought

CBS’ “Face the Nation:” Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent; Martin Makary, commissioner of the Federal Drug Administration; Sen. Rand Paul (R-Ky.); Rep. Raja Krishnamoorthi (D-Ill.); Michael Roth, president of Wesleyan University

NBC’s “Meet the Press:” House Speaker Mike Johnson (R-La.); Sen. Raphael Warnock (D-Ga.)

Fox News’ “Fox News Sunday:” Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick; Sen. Dave McCormick (R-Pa.); Rep. Jake Auchincloss, D-Mass.

Fox News’ “Sunday Morning Futures:” Homeland Security Secretary Kristi Noem; Sen. Ron Johnson (R-Wisc.) Rep. Ronny Jackson (R-Texas), Brad Gerstner, Altimeter Capital Founder, Chairman And CEO

https://thehill.com/homenews/sunday-talk-shows/5327384-sunday-shows-preview-trump-court-tariff-battle-escalates-senate-gop-up-next-on-big-beautiful-bill/

Healthcare SPAC Pioneer Acquisition I files for a $220 million IPO

 Pioneer Acquisition I, a blank check company targeting the healthcare sector, filed on Thursday with the SEC to raise up to $220 million in an initial public offering.


The company plans to raise $220 million by offering 22 million units at $10. Each unit consists of one share of common stock and one-half of a warrant, exercisable at $11.50.

Pioneer Acquisition I is led by CEO and Director Mitchell Creem, who currently serves as a Principal at GreenRock Capital and President of The Bridgewater Healthcare Group. The SPAC plans to target the healthcare or healthcare-related industries, focusing on businesses with enterprise values between $160 million and $2 billion.

The Brooklyn, NY-based company was founded in 2024 and plans to list on the Nasdaq under the symbol PACHU. Cantor Fitzgerald is the sole bookrunner on the deal.

Healthcare SPAC Crown Reserve Acquisition I files for a $150 million IPO

 Crown Reserve Acquisition I, a blank check company led by healthcare entrepreneur Prashant Patel, filed for a US IPO on Friday.


The company plans to raise $150 million by offering 15 million units at $10 per unit. Each unit consists of one share of common stock and one right to receive one-seventh (1/7) of a share upon the completion of a merger.

Crown Reserve Acquisition I is led by Chairman and CEO Prashant Patel, a registered pharmacist, and a board member of Wellgistics Health (Nasdaq: WGRX). Previously Danam Health, Wellgistics raised $4 million in a February 2025 IPO at an offer price of $4.50. Patel also held a leadership position at Scienture Holdings (Nasdaq: SCNX). He is joined by CFO Eric Sherb, an accountant who owns and manages his own firm, EMS Consulting Services, and who recently joined Scienture as CFO.

The SPAC plans to focus its search on the pharma, medical technology and medical equipment, and healthcare IT industries. 

Incorporated in the Cayman Islands in 2025, Crown Reserve Acquisition I plans to list on the Nasdaq under the symbol CRACU. SPAC Advisory Partners (Kingswood) is the sole bookrunner on the deal.

DOE Cancels $3.7 Billion In Biden-Era Green Energy Awards

 by Tom Ozimek via The Epoch Times,

The Department of Energy has canceled 24 clean energy demonstration projects worth nearly $3.7 billion, citing concerns over financial viability, insufficient return on taxpayer investment, and a failure to meet the energy needs of Americans.

Energy Secretary Chris Wright announced the decision on May 30, describing the awards as hastily approved in the final days of the Biden administration and misaligned with the Trump administration’s energy and economic priorities. The cancellations come after an internal review ordered earlier this month under a new departmental policy aimed at increasing accountability and rooting out waste in federally funded energy programs.

“The Trump administration is doing our due diligence to ensure we are utilizing taxpayer dollars to strengthen our national security, bolster affordable, reliable energy sources and advance projects that generate the highest possible return on investment,” Wright said. “Today, we are acting in the best interest of the American people by cancelling these 24 awards.”

According to a department list reviewed by The Epoch Times, the terminated awards include high-dollar carbon capture and industrial decarbonization projects involving firms such as ExxonMobil, Calpine, Heidelberg Materials, and Kraft Heinz. Sixteen of the 24 awards were signed between Election Day 2024 and Inauguration Day 2025.

The rescinded projects span a range of industries and regions, including glass manufacturing facilities in Ohio, carbon capture efforts in Texas and California, and decarbonization initiatives at food production sites nationwide. The largest award canceled was a $500 million grant to Heidelberg Materials for a carbon capture project in Louisiana.

The move follows a May 15 memorandum issued by Wright titled “Ensuring Responsibility for Financial Assistance,” which established new standards for evaluating financial assistance programs. Under the policy, DOE is now requiring detailed financial, technical, and legal documentation from all recipients and reserving the right to modify or terminate awards that fail to meet economic or national interest benchmarks.

Earlier oversight efforts had flagged the risk of poorly vetted loans and grants under Biden-era programs.

A November 2024 report from the DOE’s Office of Inspector General warned that the Loan Programs Office, which saw its authority balloon from $17 billion to more than $400 billion under the Inflation Reduction Act and other legislation, was under pressure to rapidly distribute funds before key deadlines expired. The report highlighted “significant risks” to taxpayers from rushed decision-making and insufficient vetting, particularly given the volume and complexity of applications.

In two cases, the inspector general said DOE had already canceled nearly $400 million in grants awarded to entities with suspected ties to foreign adversaries. The watchdog urged the department to expand its applicant vetting capabilities and avoid what it described as a “pay and chase” model, where funds are disbursed before due diligence is complete.

President Donald Trump has issued multiple executive orders aimed at boosting fossil fuel production and limiting public funding for climate initiatives or ones involving DEI mandates. The administration has also directed federal agencies to review all discretionary grants issued under the Biden administration, with a focus on clawing back funds where possible.

In the case of the DOE, Wright said his department has already requested further documentation from 179 award recipients whose combined funding totals more than $15 billion. These reviews are ongoing and could result in further cancellations.

https://www.zerohedge.com/political/doe-cancels-37-billion-biden-era-green-energy-awards

OPEC+ Hikes Output For Third Time By 411Kbpd, Despite Reservations From Russia

 Following days of frenzied speculation that OPEC+ may go so far as to start another global price war similar to the Saudi armada in March 2020 which eventually sent WTI crude prices to a negative $45, however briefly, today's decision was positively tame: OPEC+ agreed to surge oil output for the third month in a row, despite mounting reservations from key member Russia, doubling down on a historic policy shift that has sent crude prices sinking.

According to a statement on the OPEC website, the cartel of oil-exporting nations and several hangers on agreed during a video conference on Saturday to add 411,000 barrels a day to the market in July. The hike matches increases scheduled for May and June, marking a radical reversal from defending prices to actively driving them lower, largely in response to Kazakhstan chronically and unapologetically breaching its quota.

“OPEC+ isn’t whispering anymore,” said Jorge Leon, an analyst at Rystad Energy A/S, who previously worked at the OPEC secretariat. “May hinted, June spoke clearly, and July came with a megaphone.”

Officials said the supply hikes reflect Saudi desire to punish over-producing members like Kazakhstan and Iraq, recoup market share lost to US shale drillers and other rivals, and satisfy President Donald Trump’s desire for cheaper oil, even if it leads to - well - cheaper oil, and even steeper budget deficits for the country that exports 10 million barrels of oil per day and has an all-in breakeven price around $90.

The hikes will offer temporary relief to consumers as the northern hemisphere goes into its peak demand season, while also helping central banks grappling with stubborn inflation. Yet the market impact creates financial peril for oil producers around the world, which could be facing a period of prolonged low prices, followed by much higher prices as producing infrastructure suffers from disuse. 

What was most notable about this latest production hike is that, according to Bloomberg, several members expressed reservations during Saturday’s meeting about the speed with which OPEC+ was raising production. Russia, Algeria and Oman wanted a pause in the increases, according to delegates.

The difference in views between Moscow and Riyadh, the cartel’s two most powerful members, will come back into play on July 6, when they meet again to discuss output levels for August.

In April oil briefly tumbled to a four-year low under $60 a barrel after OPEC+ first unexpectedly announced they would bolster output by triple the scheduled amount. The move came even as faltering demand and Trump’s trade war were already crushing the market.  This was followed by a second hike announcement one month later, and now a third one.

While Brent futures have since recovered to trade near $64 a barrel, the IMF estimates the Saudis need prices above $90 to cover the lavish spending plans of Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman. The kingdom is contending with a soaring budget deficit, and has been forced to cut investment on flagship projects such as the futuristic city, Neom.

However, thanks to earlier Reuters leaks, the markets is likely to take Saturday’s agreement as positive because ahead of today's announcement “there were some concerns of a larger increase,” said Giovanni Staunovo, a commodity analyst at UBS, referring to Reuters reports that OPEC+ was considering even bigger output hikes.

Meanwhile, if Riyadh’s strategy is to discipline the cartel’s quota cheats through a “controlled sweating,” it doesn’t seem to be working. Kazakhstan, the most blatant offender, continues to exceed its limits by several hundred thousand barrels a day and has publicly stated that it has no plans to atone. Energy Minister Yerlan Akkenzhenov told reporters on Thursday that the country can neither enforce cutbacks on international corporate partners, or dial back at state-run fields. Which is why we recently speculated that if one or more of its peers wishes to teach Kazakhstan a painful lesson, then the Caspian Sea pipeline which carries most of Kazakh oil exports courtesy of the Caspian Pipeline Consortium, is probably sweating bullets right now.

But while Kazakhstan has so far refused to budge, the price downturn is taking a clear toll in America’s shale oil heartlands, where companies like Diamondback Energy Inc. say production has peaked, despite Trump’s promise the country would “drill, baby, drill” in a new energy boom.

With the hike scheduled for July, OPEC+ will be just over halfway through a road map for reviving 2.2 million barrels a day of output it had idled in recent years, a process that was previously planned to last until late 2026 yet which depends largely on how much of a stimulus China will finally unleash. The group will decide in the coming months how quickly to restore the remainder of supplies it’s still withholding from the market.

For some analysts, increasing supply is entirely logical. Demand will rise over the next few months in the US as drivers take to the roads for summer vacations, and also in the Middle East, where peak use of air conditioning means some barrels will be consumed domestically.

“Fundamentals in the right-here, right-now are strong — inventories are very low,” Amrita Sen, director of research at consultant Energy Aspects Ltd., said in a Bloomberg television interview before the meeting. “It is a good time for OPEC+ to add barrels to the market, so I don’t see why they wouldn’t.”

Nonetheless, further price losses may be in store. JPMorgan forecasts that Brent futures will sink into the “high $50s” later this year as the cartel’s hikes contribute to a global supply glut of more than 2 million barrels a day.

https://www.zerohedge.com/markets/opec-hikes-output-third-time-411kbpd-amid-reservations-russia

First-Generation Anti-Obesity Medications: Overlooked Gems for Obesity Treatment

 With the explosive popularity of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists, physicians say a key avenue in treating obesity is being underutilized by many clinicians: First-generation anti-obesity medications (AOMs).

“First-generation medications don’t get as much attention as the newer ones,” said Courtney Younglove, MD, an obesity specialist and founder of Heartland Weight Loss in Overland Park, Kansas. “They’re fantastic, too. They just get overlooked.” 

Older AOMs typically cost less than GPL-1s, are more accessible, and often have low risks, Younglove said. But patients frequently ask for the newer medications, and some doctors don’t assess their full treatment toolbox before prescribing, she said.

Currently, there are six AOMs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for chronic weight management: Orlistat, phentermine/topiramate extended release, bupropion sustained release/naltrexone, liraglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide.

The first four medications are considered first-generation AOMs, according to a 2024 analysis in Diabetes Spectrum, a journal from the American Diabetes Association.

“The advent of new AOMs has transformed the treatment of obesity,” the study author Sarah R. Barenbaum, MD, wrote. “For the first time, there are now second-generation medications whose outcomes can rival those of bariatric surgery. However, first-generation AOMs serve an equally important and enduring role in the treatment of obesity. Whether because of insurance or supply limitations, costs, patient preferences, tolerability, or safety, patients may require a first-generation AOM, and providers must feel comfortable prescribing them.”

photo of Courtney Younglove
Courtney Younglove, MD

1st-Gen AOMs

One group that may benefit from first-generation AOMs are patients whose treatment goals include losing a moderate amount of weight, said Ethan Lazarus, MD, an obesity medicine and family physician and a past president of the Obesity Medicine Association.

Older AOMs are generally appropriate for patients in whom about a 10% loss of body weight would be an adequate result, Lazarus said. If patients need to achieve 20% or more loss of body weight, physicians may want to jump straight to a GLP-1, like Wegovy or Zepbound, he said.

For example, patients who are planning knee replacement surgery, or those with a higher body mass index (BMI) and are considering weight loss surgery, would be good candidates for the latter, he noted.

“If appropriate, we usually follow a stepped approach to treatment,” Lazarus said. “For example, we might start a generic medication, like phentermine. If it is not tolerated, or we do not get the amount of weight loss needed to improve obesity complications, we would transition to a branded oral medication, [like] Contrave or Qsymia, or switch to or add a GLP-1, like Wegovy or Zepbound.”

First-generation AOMs may also be good choices for patients with certain comorbidities, like chronic headaches, said Shagun Bindlish, MD, an internal medicine physician and diabetologist based in Dublin, California.

Patients with a history of migraines, or those who have polycystic ovary syndrome, may benefit from topiramate, Bindlish said, while a phentermine-topiramate combination may help with appetite suppression and impulsivity modulating. The latter can be useful for patients with nighttime eating syndrome and binge eating disorder, she noted.

photo of Ethan Lazarus
Ethan Lazarus, MD

In addition, bupropion/naltrexone can be beneficial for patients with depression and anxiety and may help with smoking cessation in patients with smoking habits.

“Obesity, as we all know, is not one-size-fits-all,” Bindlish said. “It’s not just about BMI. It’s about tailoring the therapy depending on what other comorbidities they have. That’s why I feel that it’s always good to lay down all the tools and discuss with the patient what will benefit them in their certain circumstances.”

The lower cost of first-generation AOMs also makes them good options for many patients, obesity physicians say. Even with pharmaceutical savings programs, GLP-1s are usually $499 per month or more, Lazarus said.

By contrast, Contrave can be purchased for $99 a month directly through the savings program CurAccess, and Qsymia is generally available through Qsymia.com for $98 a month.

photo of Shagun Bindlish
Shagun Bindlish, MD

Bindlish said she recently treated a 45-year-old man with class II obesity and high blood pressure who was unable to access GLP-1s through his insurance, despite several prior authorization attempts. Bindlish started the patient on a phentermine-topiramate combination, which worked well, and led to weight loss of about 30 pounds. Since phentermine is a stimulant, Bindlish said they closely monitored the patient’s blood pressure. Ultimately, the weight loss led to better management of the patient’s hypertension, she said.

Patients who are nonresponders to GLP-1s, or who have difficulty tolerating GLP-1–based therapies, may make promising candidates for first-generation AOMs, according to the Diabetes Spectrum analysis. These older medications may also be good choices for patients with lower BMIs and older patients in cases where second-generation AOMs may be too powerful and result in excessive weight loss.

Age should also factor into the decision, Lazarus said. He noted that Wegovy, Saxenda, and Qsymia are approved for patients as young as age 12 years, while other medications are only indicated in adults aged 18 years or older.

Risks of First-Gen AOMs

It’s important to know your patient and be sure there are no contraindications before prescribing older AOMs, Lazarus said. For example, physicians should consider avoiding prescribing phentermine in patients sensitive to stimulants (like caffeine), who suffer from severe insomnia, or who have complicated hypertension, he said.

The three most common side effects of phentermine are dry mouth, constipation, and trouble sleeping, Younglove added. Patients can usually get around these problems by modifying their dosage, taking a stool softener, drinking more water, and not taking the medication in the evening, she said.

Contrave, meanwhile, should be avoided in patients with a history of seizures or those on opioid pain medicine, Lazarus noted. Qsymia should not be prescribed in patients with a history of kidney stones or at risk for pregnancy because Qsymia can cause birth defects.

“If they do not have a contraindication or other concern, by all means we would consider a first-generation obesity medicine,” Lazarus said.

Keep in mind that all these medications can cause gastrointestinal abnormalities and could lead to gastrointestinal side effects, Younglove said.

Orlistat has really “fallen out of favor” due to minimal weight loss and too many side effects, said Lazarus. Younglove also does not prescribe Orlistat because of the side effects, which include an oily discharge from the rectum, she said.

The Diabetes Spectrum analysis includes a comprehensive list of clinical effects, mechanisms of action, and common side effects of all first-generation AOMs.

Dispelling Fears About Older Meds

Younglove emphasized the importance of dispelling misconceptions surrounding first-generation AOMs. Because the drugs are in the stimulant category (sympathomimetics), there has been concern — even among clinicians — that patients could become addicted to them, she said. There have also been worries about the medications raising patients’ blood pressure.

“There’s a lot of fear around those medications, which is ironic, because we’ll give Adderall to a 6-year-old and not be worried about it at all,” she said. “There is data on long-term use of these medications. There is data on side effects of these medications. They’re not for everyone, but they certainly are fairly benign in terms of risks. They get a bad rap, but they’re really good medications for a lot of people, and a lot of people do really well with them.” 

Bindlish added that older AOMs have stood the test of time and proved their value, which is something the newer medications still must do. She said that medication choice should always be matched with patients’ individual risk factors, goals, and access.

“It is also critical to set realistic expectations and incorporate these drugs within a broader framework where we consider behavioral, nutritional, and lifestyle interventions,” Bindlish said.

https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/first-generation-anti-obesity-medications-overlooked-gems-2025a1000d6v

Cold Sore Virus Implicated in Alzheimer’s Disease

 Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) infection is associated with an increased risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but treating the viral infection may offer protection, a new study found.

In a matched case-control study of nearly 700,000 older adults, HSV-1 was more common in those with AD, and antiviral therapy for HSV-1 was associated with a lower risk of developing AD.

However, the authors and outside experts cautioned that no firm conclusions can be drawn from this observational study and called for more research.

The study was published online on May 20 in BMJ Open. It was funded by Gilead Sciences, which is actively involved in the research and development of treatments for HSV.

Mixed Data

HSV-1, a common virus that causes cold sores, affects more than two thirds of the global population younger than 50 years.

An association between HSV-1 and AD has been reported previously, albeit with conflicting results across various studies.

One recent Taiwanese cohort study found that symptomatic HSV infection was associated with a threefold increased risk of developing dementia. Antiherpetic medication reduced the risk by 90%. However, a study of US veterans failed to link HSV infection with an increased risk for dementia. Although, like the Taiwanese findings, antiherpetic medication was associated with a protective effect against dementia.

To investigate further, researchers led by Yunhao Liu, PhD, data scientist with Gilead Sciences, used the IQVIA PharMetrics Plus claims database to match 344,628 people with AD to an equal number of control individuals without AD.

Compared with 823 (0.24%) control individuals without an AD diagnosis, 1507 (0.44%) individuals diagnosed with AD had a history of HSV-1.

Among those with AD, nearly two thirds were women (65%), their mean age was 73 years, and they tended to have more coexisting conditions.

After adjusting for relevant confounding factors, the likelihood of an HSV-1 diagnosis was 80% higher in those with AD (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.80; 95% CI, 1.65-1.96).

In a stratified analysis, the association of HSV-1 with AD was more pronounced in older age groups — with an aOR of 2.10 in those aged 75 years or older vs an aOR of 1.14 in those aged 50-70 years.

“These findings are consistent with studies suggesting that the neurodegenerative impact of HSV-1 becomes more apparent with age and cumulative exposures,” the authors noted.

Among the 2330 adults with a history of HSV-1, 931 (40%) were treated with antiherpetic medication, which was associated with a 17% reduced risk for AD compared with no treatment (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.83; 95% CI, 0.74-0.92).

“While the molecular mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated, these results are indicative of a possible role for antiherpetic therapy in mitigating dementia risk,” the authors wrote.

Caveats and Cautionary Notes

F. Perry Wilson, MD, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, and Medscape’s Impact Factor commentator, noted in a recent commentary that studies that use administrative data have limitations and said the author’s suggestion that antiherpetic therapies are potentially protective for AD-related dementia “feels like a bit of a leap to me at this point.”

On the other hand, Wilson said, “for those who suffer from cold sores, a study like this may push you a bit toward treatment, at least during an outbreak. Short-term valacyclovir is relatively safe and reduces the duration of the cold sore by about a day, which is nice. But if it reduces your risk of dementia as well, well, it might be a no-brainer.”

Several outside experts also weighed in on the study in a statement from the UK nonprofit Science Media Centre.

Sheona Scales, PhD, director of research at Alzheimer’s Research UK, Cambridge, England, cautioned that “despite the large sample size, this research has limitations partly due to only using health records and administrative claims data.”

“Most people infected with HSV-1 don’t have any symptoms, so some infections might not have been recorded. Infections predating the information recorded are also not available. Although cases were matched with controls, diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease, especially in the early stages, remains a challenge,” Scales commented.

While the study found that some people receiving medicines to treat HSV-1 infections had a lower risk for AD, “a lot more work is needed to unpick this,” she added.

“We know there are 14 established risk factors for dementia, and there’s not enough evidence to include infections in this list. This study doesn’t tell us if infections are causing the risk, it only shows an association. Further research is needed to understand what the underlying biology around this is,” Scales said.

Tara Spires-Jones, PhD, director of the Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences at The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, said the study adds to a growing body of data linking HSV-1 and other viral infections to the risk for AD.

However, “it is important to note that HSV-1 infection, which is extremely common in the population, is by no means a guarantee that someone will develop Alzheimer’s,” Spires-Jones noted.

“Why viral infections may increase risk of dementia is not fully understood, but the most likely explanation is that infections increase inflammation in the body and contribute to age-related brain inflammation. More research is needed to understand the best way to protect our brains from Alzheimer’s disease as we age, including a better understanding of links between viral infection and Alzheimer’s risk,” Spires-Jones said.

Richard Oakley, PhD, director of Research and Innovation at Alzheimer’s Society, London, England, cautioned that the study “doesn’t prove that cold sores cause Alzheimer’s disease, or that antivirals prevent it. Much more research is needed to explore exactly how viruses might be involved and before we can draw firm conclusions.”

The study was funded by Gilead Sciences, Inc. Four authors reported being employees of the company. Spires-Jones had no relevant disclosures. Oakley and Scales did not provide disclosure information.

https://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/cold-sore-virus-implicated-alzheimers-disease-2025a1000d1p

Actuate Therapeutics Presents Topline Elraglusib Phase 2 Data at ASCO

 

  • Phase 2 (Actuate-1801 Part 3B) trial meets primary endpoint and demonstrates a clinically meaningful increase in median overall survival (10.1 months vs 7.2 months; log-rank p=0.01) in previously untreated patients with metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (mPDAC) receiving elraglusib/GnP
  • Risk of death was reduced by 37% (HR=0.63) in patients treated with elraglusib/GnP
  • Data featured as an oral presentation at the ASCO Annual Meeting
  • Company plans to engage with FDA in the second half of 2025 to align on a path towards product registration
  • Company to host KOL event today at 6:30 pm CDT to discuss 1801 Part 3B results

Event Details:

Date and Time:Saturday, May 31, 2025, at 6:30 pm CDT
Format: In-person and via live webcast
Registration:Click here
  

A replay of the event will be available on the Investor Relations section of the Actuate website.

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Here comes the smoke from Canadian wildfires … again!

 


Why can’t the second-largest nation on earth ever get control of its wildfires?

Canada should have had enough practice by now.

Hundreds of fires raged out of control for months in the summer of 2023. And 2024. We got the smoke.

For that matter, why can’t the most populous state in the union do the same?

Maybe for the same reason. Progressive asshats in both places seem to be unable to do literally anything except aggressively police “Islamophobia,” “homophobia,” and “transphobia.” And their green policies may be contributing to the problem, which coincides with their monolithic grip on power.

From an NPR report, posted on Facebook:

Thick, billowing clouds of smoke are sweeping south from wildfires ravaging the central Canadian province of Manitoba into parts of the United States, compromising air quality for millions of Americans across several northern states.

Of course, the NPR report was sure to mention climate change, claiming:

The U.S. has also battled increasingly devastating wildfires over recent years as climate change has made larger wildfires more likely and more intense. 

Regarding Canadian wildfires, a CNN article from 2023 reported:

Scientists from the World Weather Attribution initiative – which calculates the role of climate change in extreme weather events – found human-caused climate change more than doubled the likelihood of hot, dry and windy conditions that drove the Quebec fires between May and July, and made this fire-prone weather at least 20% more intense.

Made this fire-prone weather at least 20% more intense? How does fire-prone weather get made (at least 20%) more intense? How is this measured … and by whom?

For that matter, how much more intense can a raging, out-of-control fire consuming hundreds of thousands of acres of forest get?

Friederike Otto, co-founder of something called the World Weather Attribution initiative (and senior lecturer at the Grantham Institute in the UK!) issued this dubious statement:

"Until we stop burning fossil fuels the number of wildfires will continue to increase, burning larger areas for longer periods of time."

Ah, there it is! Fossil fuels bad.

The CNN piece referenced Kira Hoffman, a fire ecologist at the University of British Columbia and the Bulkley Valley Research Centre, who averred that there are many factors that contribute to extreme wildfire seasons, including logging and abandoning Indigenous fire stewardship techniques. (Guess we have to capitalize the ‘I’ in Indigenous.)

Sorry, Kira, not buying that one. Logging removes trees. Oddly enough, things that aren’t there don’t burn. And what the hell is “Indigenous fire stewardship?” I have respect for Indigenous peoples and a love for trees, but, seriously, come on!

As I wrote in a 2023 blog post:

Many of the fires are at least partially the result of leaving too much deadwood and flammable material on forest floors, usually due to ‘environmentalists’ wishes. Of course, more folks live in more areas, and fire detection and reporting are better than in prior eras, too. And, at least in the case of Canada, one gets the impression that an all-out effort to contain these conflagrations hasn’t been made…possibly to drive home the point that global warming is going to be the death of us all, and sooner rather than later. (It wouldn’t stun me if some of the fires were set by those with an agenda.)

A recent study by Danish author and academic Bjorn Lomborg, published in the Wall Street Journal, illustrated a vast disparity between the actual number of wildfires and the attention given them by the mainstream media and politicians. 

Lomborg asserted: ‘Climate change hasn’t set the world on fire. It turns out the percentage of the globe that burns each year has been declining since 2001.’ 

Yet, despite that inconvenient truth, the mainstream media-- and many politicians—insist that there are ever more fires as a direct result of ‘climate change.’ In furtherance of their agenda, reporting on ‘climate change’ has increased by 400% between 2010 and 2020.

We know for a fact that many of the previous Canadian wildfires were deliberately set by arsonists. So, instead of reflexively blaming logging — and oil and gas companies -- for the fires, let’s seek the truth.

I am on vacation in a remote, undisclosed location in northern Minnesota as I write this. The smoke is noticeable, tangible. And I have asthma, so, to use a favorite phrase of progressives, I may be ‘disproportionately affected’ by these wildfires.

I am not a fan of blowing smoke, whether it comes from Canada … or progressive politicians with an agenda.

https://www.americanthinker.com/blog/2025/05/here_comes_the_smoke_from_canadian_wildfires_em_again_em.html