Abdelilah Majdoubi,1 Christina Michalski,2 Sarah E. O’Connell,3 Sarah Dada,1 Sandeep R. Narpala,3 Jean P. Gelinas,4 Disha Mehta,4 Claire Cheung,1 Dirk F.H. Winkler,5 Manjula Basappa,3 Aaron C. Liu,1 Matthias Görges,6 Vilte E. Barakauskas,7 Michael A. Irvine,8 Jennifer Mehalko,9 Dominic Esposito,9 Inna Sekirov,10 Agatha N. Jassem,10 David M. Goldfarb,1 Steven Pelech,5 Daniel C. Douek,3 Adrian B. McDermott,3 and Pascal M Lavoie2
Pre-existing cross-reactivity to SARS-CoV-2 may occur in absence of prior viral exposure. However, this has been difficult to quantify at the population level due to a lack of reliably defined seroreactivity thresholds. Using an orthogonal antibody testing approach, we estimated that ~0.6% of non-triaged adults from the greater Vancouver area, Canada between May 17th and June 19th 2020 showed clear evidence of a prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, after adjusting for false-positive and false-negative test results. Using a highly sensitive multiplex assay and positive/negative thresholds established in infants in whom maternal antibodies have waned, we determine that more than 90% of uninfected adults showed antibody reactivity against the spike, receptor-binding domain (RBD), N-terminal domains (NTD) or the nucleocapsid (N) protein from SARS-CoV-2. This sero-reactivity was evenly distributed across age and sex, correlated with circulating coronaviruses reactivity, and was partially outcompeted by soluble circulating coronaviruses’ spike. Using a custom SARS-CoV-2 peptide mapping array, we found that this antibody reactivity broadly mapped to spike, and to conserved non-structural viral proteins. We conclude that most adults display pre-existing antibody cross-reactivity against SARS-CoV-2, which further supports investigation of how this may impact the clinical severity of COVID-19 or SARS-CoV-2 vaccine responses.
https://insight.jci.org/articles/view/146316
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