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Thursday, April 30, 2020

Multi-site Adaptive Trials Using Pepcid, Hydroxycholoroquine for COVID-19

The safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. Listing a study does not mean it has been evaluated by the U.S. Federal Government. Know the risks and potential benefits of clinical studies and talk to your health care provider before participating.
Brief Summary:
The overall objective of the study will be to evaluate the clinical efficacy of COVID-19 treatments consisting of standard of care (SOC) combined with pharmaceutical antiviral management using hydroxychloroquine, or SOC with hydroxychloroquine combined with high-dose intravenous famotidine, in hospitalized patients meeting nucleic acid diagnostic and radiologic criteria for COVID-19 disease. The trial will statistically compare the clinical benefit afforded by the two treatment strategies to internal historical “standard of care” data from Northwell patents treated without benefit of either hydroxychloroquine or high-dose famotidine. We will compare clinical outcomes associated with hydroxychloroquine and the addition of high-dose intravascular famotidine. The trial is designed to enroll at least 600 COVID-19 patients hospitalized with moderate to severe disease into each of the two active treatment arms, with a total enrollment target of at least 1200 patients. The proposed trial has been designed for rapid enrollment and completion and powered to support two interim analyses that will enable prompt assessment of benefits and risks of the two treatment groups while maintaining the rigorous gold standard of a randomized double blind clinical trial structure. Trial design has been guided by practical consideration of the current clinical context involving rapidly escalating demands on hospital staff and resources, and incorporates a minimalist approach employing existing laboratory information management systems and a clinically relevant binary primary outcome of 30-day endpoint of death or survival.

Condition or disease Intervention/treatment Phase
COVID-19 Drug: HCQ + Intravenous FamotidineDrug: HCQ + Placebo Phase 3
Study Type : Interventional  (Clinical Trial)
Estimated Enrollment : 1170 participants
Allocation: Randomized
Intervention Model: Parallel Assignment
Intervention Model Description: Randomized, Double-Blind, Multi-Arm Historical Control, Comparative Trial
Masking: Triple (Participant, Care Provider, Investigator)
Primary Purpose: Treatment
Official Title: A Multi-site, Randomized, Double-Blind, Multi-Arm Historical Control, Comparative Trial of the Safety and Efficacy of Hydroxychloroquine, and the Combination of HCQ and Famotidine for the Treatment of COVID-19
Actual Study Start Date : April 7, 2020
Estimated Primary Completion Date : September 7, 2020
Estimated Study Completion Date : April 7, 2021
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04370262

Moderna, Lonza strike deal on potential COVID-19 vaccine

Moderna Inc and Swiss contract drugmaker Lonza Group said on Friday they would accelerate the manufacturing of the U.S. drug developer’s potential coronavirus vaccine.
The announcement comes at a time when drugmakers are pausing clinical trials for other disease areas as they focus on testing potential treatments for the coronavirus.
The experimental vaccine, mRNA-1273, is being tested in early-stage trial by the U.S. National Institutes of Health, with Moderna expecting to begin mid-stage trial in the second quarter.
Under the 10-year collaboration agreement, the companies aim to manufacture up to a billion doses per year as technology transfer is expected to begin in June, and the first batches of the vaccine are expected to be manufactured in Lonza U.S. in July.
“Over time, the parties intend to establish additional production suites across Lonza’s worldwide facilities, ultimately allowing for the manufacture of material equivalent to up to 1 billion doses of mRNA-1273 per year for use worldwide”, the statement added.
The disease, which infected more than 3.2 million people worldwide and killed around 232,000, set off a race among drugmakers to find an antidote.
Earlier this month, Moderna got a $483 million funding from a U.S. government agency to accelerate its COVID-19 vaccine development.
Separately, Basel-based Lonza’s pharmaceuticals, biotech and nutrition business has received more than 40 enquiries regarding projects relating to COVID-19, the company said earlier in April.
https://www.marketscreener.com/MODERNA-INC-47437573/news/Moderna-Switzerland-s-Lonza-strike-deal-on-potential-COVID-19-vaccine-30509881/

Nearly a dozen approved drugs could be effective against COVID-19

At least 10 different drug compounds ranging from cancer therapies to antipsychotics and antihistamines may be effective at preventing the new coronavirus from multiplying in the body, according to a multidisciplinary study conducted by a team of scientists in the United States and France.
The researchers mapped the human proteins the virus interacts with inside the body when it infects cells and makes copies of itself, then looked for compounds that could block the virus from using those proteins.
The result showed that 47 compounds in cell cultures had the desired effect, at least 10 of which are already in approved drugs or being studied for diverse conditions, but could be repurposed against COVID-19, the illness caused by the new coronavirus.
Researchers have been rushing to develop experimental therapies as well as to repurpose existing drugs to treat patients with COVID-19 and communities are pinning high hopes on Gilead Sciences Inc’s experimental antiviral drug, remdesivir.
In the new study, published in the journal Nature here on Thursday, candidates for repurposing included allergy medicine ingredients including clemastine, the antipsychotic haloperidol, and malaria drug hydroxychloroquine.
The study also revealed why hydroxychloroquine is often found to have toxic effects on the heart.
The malaria drug, which has been repeatedly touted by U.S. President Donald Trump, binds to a receptor on human cells, which the virus needs to infect the cell.
But hydroxychloroquine also hits a particular protein in the heart tissue, which could explain the drug’s effect on heart rhythms – a side effect recently flagged by U.S. and EU health regulators.
The team also found that an experimental chemical, PB28, was 20-times more potent than hydroxychloroquine in targeting the receptor, but had far less affinity for the heart protein.
The hormone progesterone was also found to act against the virus, which might shed some light on the reasons that men appear to be more susceptible to COVID-19 and more often suffer severe complications.
Another compound found to have antiviral activity was plitidepsin, used in Madrid-based PharmaMar’s experimental cancer therapy Aplidin that is currently being tested in COVID-19 trials in Spain.
“Some of our drugs and compounds are many times more potent than remdesivir, at least in a laboratory setting,” study author Nevan Krogan of the University of California San Francisco, said in a media briefing.

Gilead’s remdesivir could be the closest to regulatory approval after initial trial results on Wednesday found that the drug helped patients recover more quickly.
The team said it would continue testing the candidates they have identified and use the same methods to further study the biology of the disease for more insights.
https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-protein-study/nearly-a-dozen-approved-drugs-could-be-effective-against-covid-19-study-idUSKBN22C3MA

Molina to buy Magellan Complete Care for $820M

Magellan Health (NASDAQ:MGLN) +15.2% after-hours on news that Molina Healthcare (NYSE:MOH) agrees to acquire the Magellan Complete Care line of business for $820M, net of certain tax benefits.
Magellan Complete Care served 155K members in six states, and amassed more than than $2.7B in revenues in 2019.
With the addition of MCC, Molina will serve more than 3.6M members in government-sponsored healthcare programs in 18 states and have 2020 pro-forma projected revenue of more than $20B.
The announcement was separate from Molina’s reported Q1 earnings, which edged analyst expectations.
https://seekingalpha.com/news/3567433-molina-to-buy-magellan-complete-care-for-820m

The Elephant In The Room Keeping Businesses From Reopening

Yes, COVID-19 kills people. But so does a collapsed economy. Finally, states are beginning to let more businesses open. But there’s a problem. A big one, that could keep crucial businesses closed.
Georgia allowed some businesses to open on Friday. Several other states will do that on May 1.
But some businesses might not open even when they can. Why? Because an employee or customer might get COVID-19 and sue them.
As long as someone might get sick, businesses might get sued. As long they’re sued, they could lose. They could face and lose dozens or hundreds of law suits. They could lose tens of millions of dollars. That would put the small and medium-sized business under. Why risk it? Why not wait?

A Warning

Lawsuits have already been filed against businesses over COVID-19. Cruise lines were the first businesses to get hit with suits. They’ve already lost almost a billion dollars worth of business. They won’t be sailing for at least another three months. With all the suits they might lose a lot more. (Suits against them have been hard to win in the past, but who knows how the pandemic will change the courts?)
Other businesses look at them as a warning. Small businesses that can’t afford lawyers are going to be very worried.
Some industries require close human contact. They include hotels, hair salons, daycares, gyms and restaurants. How are they going to achieve social distancing? They can’t guarantee employees or customers will always be safe. A wrongful death lawsuit was filed against Walmart over the death of an employee.
Some of the businesses that were allowed to open in Georgia aren’t doing so. Others are opening with numerous restrictions.

Businesses Shouldn’t be Liable

What’s the answer, then?
Protect businesses from being sued. More people are proposing this. President Trump said on Tuesday that he wants to shield businesses from liability. For example, he is going to order meat processing facilities to stay open, and will sign an executive order shielding them from lawsuits.
The U.S. Chamber of Commerce and several business groups are asking Congress to set a federal standard that limits liability for employers who follow CDC guidelines. White House economic advisor Larry Kudlow says reopened businesses shouldn’t be liable for coronavirus infections. Lawsuits may put them out of business. A writer at National Review urges state legislatures and Congress to pass laws shielding them. Both see that America needs businesses opening as fast as they can.
Some states are already working on this. The House and Senate in Utah passed a bill last Thursday to protect businesses. It would make business owners “immune from civil liability for damages or an injury” when someone has been exposed to COVID-19 while on the premises doing something associated with the business.
A law enacted in March in New York protects health care facilities and volunteer organizations from both civil and criminal liability due to COVID-19. While it shields businesses from negligence, they will still be liable for willful misconduct, recklessly or intentionally inflicting harm.

Protecting Themselves

Businesses can already protect themselves in some ways. But they also remain vulnerable. Employees who contract COVID-19 at work can file a worker’s compensation claim, which removes their right to sue. And they will have to prove they contracted the illness at work, which will not be easy. However, a handful of states have shifted the burden to the employer when it comes to essential employees. The states’ laws presume that the employee caught COVID-19 at work. However, a judge in Illinois issued a temporary restraining order against the rule after business groups filed lawsuits opposing it.
Businesses can also protect themselves to some extent by following the CDC guidelines. Only healthcare facilities are required to follow the guidelines, but businesses would be wise to. A court will take that into consideration when deciding a lawsuit. That means using social distancing, providing hand sanitizer, separating sick employees and possibly providing face masks.
The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) is allowing employers — for the time being — to take the temperatures of on-site employees, even though this constitutes a medical exam. Businesses should also follow workplace guidelines from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration. One lawyer recommends that businesses have employees sign a waiver making them aware of potential COVID-19 exposure.
Of course, there is always a risk. Businesses with immunity might shirk their responsibility to take precautions against the virus. But so far it appears from media reports that the businesses reopening are taking great precautions. They should not be punished. The country needs them open. A sensible law should protect them.
https://www.zerohedge.com/health/elephant-room-keeping-businesses-reopening

ResMed stock rises as earnings beat on ventilator production

ResMed Inc. RMD, -0.63% shares rose in the extended session Thursday after the medical equipment maker topped Wall Street estimates as it ramped up its manufacturing of ventilators amid the COVID-19 pandemic. ResMed shares rose 6.2% after hours, following a 0.6% decline in the regular session to close at $155.32. The company reported fiscal third-quarter net income of $163.1 million, or $1.12 a share, compared with $105.4 million, or 73 cents a share, in the year-ago period. Adjusted earnings were $1.29 a share, compared with 89 cents a share in the year-ago period. Revenue rose to $769.5 million from $662.2 million in the year-ago quarter. Analysts surveyed by FactSet had forecast earnings of $1.03 a share on revenue of $724.1 million. “We have rapidly pivoted our business to respond by ramping up production of life support ventilators, non-invasive ventilators, and ventilation mask systems for the people who need them most, wherever they live,” said Mick Farrell, ResMed chief executive, in a statement.
https://www.marketwatch.com/story/resmed-stock-rises-as-earnings-beat-on-ventilator-production-2020-04-30

Bristol, Acceleron Anemia Treatment Gets Nod From Euro Regulators

Bristol Myers Squibb Co. and Acceleron Pharma Inc. said Thursday that a European Medicines Agency’s committee has recommended the approval of its anemia treatment for adults.
The regulator’s Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use issued a positive opinion of the advanced Phase 3 trial of Reblozyl.
Reblozyl treats adult patients with transfusion-dependent anemia due to either low to intermediate myelodysplastic syndrome, a group of bone marrow failure disorders, or beta thalassemia, a blood disorder that reduces hemoglobin production.
“If approved, Reblozyl would be the first erythroid maturation agent approved in the EU, representing a new class of therapy for eligible patients,” the companies said.

https://www.marketscreener.com/BRISTOL-MYERS-SQUIBB-COMP-11877/news/Bristol-Myers-Squibb-Acceleron-Pharma-s-Anemia-Treatment-Gets-Nod-From-European-Regulator-30508146/