The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) 2020,
one of the biggest cancer conferences of each year, is, of course,
going to be virtual this year because of the COVID-19 pandemic. The
dates for the meeting are May 29-31 with the opening session at 9:30 AM
EST followed in the morning with highlights of various cancer
indications, such as breast cancer, and head and neck cancer at 10:30,
central nervous system tumors and gastrointestinal cancers at 11:00 and
gynecologic and hematologic malignancies at 11:30. The afternoon is
marked by various symposia, such as “Harnessing Immunotherapy with Novel
Approaches Beyond Checkpoint Inhibitors,” and “Redefining Cancer of
Unknown Primary: Is Genomics the Answer?”
Numerous biopharmaceutical companies and researchers are presenting
research and clinical trial results, and many have been announcing their
plans for several weeks. Examples include but are not limited to:
Genentech, a Roche company, announced
positive results from the Phase II CITYSCAPE clinical trial in
PD-L1-positive metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The study
evaluated a new checkpoint inhibitor tiragolumab and its checkpoint
inhibitor Tecentriq (atezolizumab) compared to Tecentriq alone.
Tiragolumab is a novel immunotherapy that binds to TIGIT, an immune
checkpoint protein found on immune cells. Tecentriq is a PD-L1
checkpoint inhibitor. Both TIGIT and PD-L1 are involved in immune
suppression. Blocking both pathways has the potential for improving
anti-tumor activity.
The company plans to present the full data at an oral abstract session.
Merck announced positive data
from the Phase III KEYNOTE-355 trial looking at Keytruda in combination
with chemotherapy as first-line treatment for metastatic
triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC). It is presenting the data at an
oral abstract session. In the trial, patients whose tumors expressed
PD-L1 with a Combined Positive Score (CPS) greater than or equal to 10,
Keytruda with chemotherapy showed a statistically significant and
clinically meaningful improvement in progression-free survival (PFS).
The drug combination decreased the risk of disease progression or death
by 35%, improving PFS to a median of 9.7 months compared to 5.6 months
for patients receiving only chemotherapy.
Bristol Myers Squibb is presenting numerous data including new data from
two clinical trials of Opdivo plus Yervoy-based combinations in
non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and updated results from the KarMMa
trial of ide-cel for multiple myeloma being developed with bluebird bio.
For Part 1 of the Phase III CheckMate -227 clinical trial, the company announced
three-year follow-up data showing that Opdivo (nivolumab) plus Yervoy
(ipilimumab) gave sustained improvements in overall survival (OS) as
well as additional efficacy measures as a first-line treatments for
metastatic NSCLC. The median follow-up was more than three years—43.1
months—and the combination showed a survival benefit compared to
chemotherapy in patients expressing PD-L1 greater than 1%. The
three-year OS rates in this population was 33% for the combination
compared to 22% for chemotherapy alone.
In the Phase III CheckMate -9LA trial, the company presented first results
showing a statistically significant and clinically meaningful survival
benefit with Opdivo plus Yervoy, given concomitantly with two cycles of
chemotherapy for first-line metastatic NSCLC. The trial met both its
primary and key secondary endpoints, showing superior OS,
progression-free survival (PFS) and overall response rate (ORR) for the
dual immunotherapy plus chemotherapy compared to chemotherapy alone.
For the Phase II KarMMa trial, the two companies presented updated results
in patients with relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (r/r MM). In
the trial, 128 patients with heavily pretreated r/r MM who were exposed
to at least three previous therapies and were refractory to their last
regimen were treated with ide-cel. The overall response rate (ORR) was
73% across all dose levels, including 33% who had a complete response
(CR) or stringent CR (sCR). Median duration of response (DoR) was 10.7
months, with 19.0-month median DoR for patients who had a CR or sCR.
Researchers from U.S. Oncology Research and McKesson are planning to describe
results from more than 70 studies, including six oral sessions on
immunotherapy and specific cancer indications such as prostate, ovarian,
breast and others.
“The uncertainties of cancer care and research during today’s
pandemic are having a profound effect on patients, oncologists and
researchers,” stated Robert L. Coleman, chief scientific officer, US
Oncology Research. “Our team of community-based research investigators
are committed to advancing research, even in challenging times, to
examine new and improved therapies, diagnostics and other aspects of
clinical cancer care, as cancer will not wait for us.”
Nucleix, a liquid biopsy company out of San Diego and Rehovot, Israel, is presenting data
from research using a blood-based methylation assay for cancer
detection. The six-marker assay is the initial component of the
company’s screening tests in early cancers and leverages existing,
low-cost PCR tech. The presentation is by Lasika Seneviratne, SCORA/LA
Cancer Network titled, “Discovery of a core-panel of markers for a
blood-assay for cancer detection utilizing cfDNA methylation changes.”
Bayer is presenting data
from the pre-specified final overall survival (OS) analysis of its
study of Nubeqa (darolutamide) plus androgen deprivation therapy (ADT)
in non-metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC). The
data shows significantly improved OS compared to ADT alone.
AstraZeneca is presenting quite a bit of research, including an abstract
on AZD9833 in preclinical models of breast cancer (the experimental
drug is currently in an ongoing Phase I trial in pre- and
post-menopausal women); an abstract on a Phase III trial of capivasertib and paclitaxel in first-line treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer; and an abstract
on the Phase II trial of savolitinib in patients with pulmonary
sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) and other types of non-small cell lung
cancer (NSCLC) that harbor MET exon 14 skipping mutations.
As usual, there will be a wealth of clinical and preclinical research
presented. Although the video streaming and virtual aspects of the
conference will likely hinder more casual conversation, a popular topic
will probably be the effect of the pandemic on clinical trials and
research as well. Stay tuned for interesting stories.
https://www.biospace.com/article/asco-2020-preview-a-peek-at-some-of-presentations-and-topics-at-this-year-s-virtual-con/
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