Research Highlights:
- Inflammation is a target for cardiovascular risk reduction. However, there are currently limited options to reduce inflammation among people with chronic kidney disease.
- The Ziltivekimab Cardiovascular Outcomes Study (ZEUS) was designed to test whether ziltivekimab, an interleukin-6 inhibitor, would reduce the risk of heart attack, stroke or cardiovascular death compared with a placebo among adults with cardiovascular disease (CVD), chronic kidney disease and high inflammation markers.
- Although markers of inflammation in the blood including C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 were reduced in the ziltivekimab group, the risk of major cardiovascular events (MACE) or death were not significantly different compared to the placebo group.
- Participants in ZEUS were at exceptionally high risk and had advanced disease that may have been too far along to benefit from this treatment. Ongoing and planned anti-inflammatory trials will address downstream inhibition of interleukin-6 among individuals with earlier stage disease, as well as upstream targeting of the NLRP3 inflammasome.
- Results of the ZEUS trial, presented at the American Heart Association’s Scientific Sessions 2026, are simultaneously published in The New England Journal of Medicine.
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